The Department of Energy is planning to delay the implementation of the Philippines Biofuels Act, or more popularly known as RA 9637. This is to give way to the local elections slated on May 15. According to the passed law, implementation should commence 3 months after signing of the act into law.
I guess the Biodiesel Group of the Philippines saw this coming already. I don’t consider it a major setback however, considering that elections is a pretty important event in a country. Not to mention that “Mr. Biofuels” himself, Migs Zubiri is running to Congress. Rep. Juan Miguel Zubiri of Bukidnon authored the Congress version of the bill and worked hard to have it passed at both Senate and Congress.
Article here
Category: Law
March 30th, 2007 at 11:31 pm
The Philippines Bio-Fuel Act
http://www.gov.ph/forum/thread.asp?rootID=136581&catID=5
An Act to direct the use of Bio-fuels, 13th Congress, Hose Bill No. 1347 of 2006
SECTION 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the “Biofuels Act of 1 2006.”
SEC. 3. Definition of Terms.
As used in this Act, the following terms shall be taken to mean as follows:
d) Biodiesel – shall refer to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) or mono-alkyl esters
derived from vegetable oils or animal fats and other biomass-derived oils that
shall be technically proven and approved by the DOE for use in diesel
engines, with quality specifications in accordance with the Philippine National
Standards (PNS);
e) Bioethanol Fuel – shall refer to hydrous or anhydrous bioethanol
suitably denatured for use as motor fuel, with quality specifications in
accordance with the PNS;
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Therefore, BIO-DIESEL is made thru Esterification, otherwise known as Coconut Methy Esterification (CME).
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CAUTION / WARNING
DUBIOUS PNS 2020:2003 & BIO-DIESEL TECHNOLOGY?
http://www.gov.ph/forum/thread.asp?rootID=73028&catID=9
Bio-fuels could be misleading notions in terms of finding/formulating a “genuine”
bio, eco and/or environment-friendly fuel — possibly a renewable source of an
energy. It’s a misnomer indeed to come-up with an alternative energy that the
same would contain inorganic petrol-base (methanol & ethanol) and acidic/toxic
Sodium/ Potassium Hydroxide Catalytic Reactants, that could lead to corrosion
and damage on engine parts. This is not to mention the contamination of (layers)
underground soils.
Bio-diesel is just for mixture at 5%-20% to petro-diesel. If it goes beyond 10-percent
or 20-percent use, it will not be good for the vehicle. “We cannot use 100 percent
(B100) of coco fuel in the engine” according to Usec. Eduardo Mañalac, former Usec.,
of the Department of Energy, now is the President of PNOC.” Thursday, March 11,
2004 @10:12 PM GMT – 12-Baguio testing use of coconut fuel Ecology.
Bio-ethanol is just a mixture of 10% ethanol & 90% petro-gasoline. It would not be
good also for the engine if the mixture would go beyond 35% because it will eat-up
the rubber and plastic parts of the engine, thus increases the engine temperature.
Petroleum Based Fuel Adulteration?
On the product Standardization of Petrol-Fuel Oils, International TradeStandard Specification, the general requirement stipulates – “The fuel oil specified herein shall be hydrocarbon oils FREE from INORGANIC ACIDS and FOREIGN MATTER.”
QUESTION:
Are Methanol, Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ester, Potassium/Sodium Hydroxides are
not inorganic — Foreign Matters?
Gasoline and MTBE What does MTBE do?
MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether) is classified by the EPA as a ‘possible human carcinogen.’ http://gasoline.dangernet.net/gasoline-and-mtbe
How does MTBE get into the water supply?
Biodiesel Drawbacks
Biodiesel can cause some problems. For example:
Gelling Temperature: …Biodiesel gels at a higher temperature (32 degrees) thanstandard #2 diesel -15 degrees). this isn’t a problem with biodiesel/petro-dieselblends of 20% or less (b20 - b2) but it makes the use of b100 unworkable in acommercial vehicle.
lower btu rating: …a study done by the university of north dakota indicated that,
while there are significant fluctuations, #2 diesel contains about 140,000 BTUs per
gallon while B100 contains about 130,000 BTUs. (B20 contains 138,000 BTUs.)
Higher Nitrogen Oxide Emissions: Since biodiesel contains no nitrogen, the increase
in NOx emissions is probably due to the higher cetane rating and the high oxygen
content of biodiesel. These two qualities are thought to cause the nitrogen contained
in the air to be converted into NOx during combustion.
Higher Solvent Properties: Because biodiesel acts as a solvent it’s likely, when used
in an engine that ran previously on petro-diesel, that any sediment in the fuel system
might be washed into the engine’s filters and fuel injectors. Rubber gaskets and
hoses will also degrade at a higher rate. This means that filters will need to be
changed within 1000 miles of changing to a biodiesel blend and the hoses and
gaskets will eventually need to be changed to something that doesn’t react to
biodiesel; like Flourenated Viton.
Accordingly Biodiesel –
shall refer to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) or mono-alkyl esters derived from vegetable oils or animal fats and other biomass-derived oils that shall be technically proven and approved by the DOE for use in diesel engines, with quality specifications in accordance with the Philippine National Standards (PNS);
Health and safety
Methanol is intoxicating but not directly poisonous. It is toxic by its breakdown
(toxication) by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver by forming formicacid and
formaldehyde which cause blindness by destruction of the optic nerve. Methanol ingestion can also be fatal due to its CNS depressant properties in the same manner as ethanol poisoning. It enters the body by ingestion, inhalation,or absorption through the skin. Fetal tissue will not tolerate methanol.
FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER [FAME] IFICATION or Trans[ester]ification
Transesterification
In organic chemistry, transesterification is the process of exchanging the alkoxy group of an ester compound by another alcohol. These
reactions are often catalyzed by the addition of an acid or base.
Rancidification
Rancidification is the decomposition of fats and other lipids by hydrolysis and/or oxidation. Hydrolysis will split fatty acid chains away from the glycerol backbone in glycerides. These free fatty acids can then undergo further auto-oxidation.Oxidation primarily occurs with unsaturated fats by a free radical-mediated process.
Redox (Redirected from Oxidation)
Redox reactions include all chemical processes in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed.
This can be a simple redox process, such as the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon
dioxide, it could be the reduction of carbon by hydrogen to yield methane (CH4), or
a complex process such as the oxidation of sugar in the human body, through a
series of very complex electron transfer processes.
The term redox comes from the two concepts of reduction and oxidation. It can be explained in simple terms:
Oxidation describes the loss of an electron by a molecule, atom or ion.
Reduction describes the gain of an electron by a molecule, atom or ion.
Combustion of hydrocarbons, e.g. in an internal combustion engine, produces water, carbon dioxide, some partially oxidized forms such as carbon monoxide and heat energy. Complete oxidation of materials containing carbon produces carbon dioxide.
Rescue a Plante under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble…
GOD will always forgives,
Man sometimes forgives,
Nature will never forgive,
She always remember forever.